HEALTH EFFECTS INSTITUTE

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Financial Vulnerability Assessment (Tuckman-Chang)

4 risk indicators measuring financial stability and operational resilience

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Financial Trends

Organization Details

Formation Year

1980

Legal Domicile

Principal Officer

DR ELENA CRAFT

Phone

6174882300

Tax Period

2024-07-01 to 2025-06-30

HEALTH EFFECTS INSTITUTE, founded in 1980, is a mid-sized nonprofit in the Medical Research sector that reported $13.3M in total revenue in fiscal year 2024. Expenses of $15.7M exceeded revenue, resulting in a 19% operating deficit.

Mission

HEALTH EFFECTS INSTITUTE'S MISSION IS TO CONDUCT INDEPENDENT RESEARCH TO PROVIDE HIGH-QUALITY, IMPARTIAL AND RELEVANT SCIENCE ON THE HEALTH EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION. THIS IS DONE BY IDENTIFYING THE HIGHEST PRIORITY AREAS FOR HEALTH EFFECT RESEARCH; FUNDING AND OVERSEEING RESEARCH; PROVIDING INDEPENDENT REVIEW OF RELATED RESEARCH PROJECTS; COLLABORATING WITH OTHER INSTITUTIONS; COMMUNICATION OF RESULTS OF HEI RESEARCH AND ANALYSES TO PUBLIC AND PRIVATE DECISION MAKERS.

Program Service Accomplishments

Program 1

Expenses: $8,508,367 Revenue: $59,995

HEI'S ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH PROGRAM TRACKS AIR POLLUTION FROM ITS SOURCES TO ITS HEALTH IMPACTS, STUDYING HOW THOSE EFFECTS OCCUR. OUR RESEARCH QUANTIFIES HOW AIR AND WATER QUALITY, NOISE LEVELS, AND OTHER NON-CHEMICAL FACTORS AFFECT HEALTH AND EXAMINES THE EFFECTS OF NEW FUELS AND TECHNOLOGIES. IT THEN PUTS THE FINDINGS INTO THE CONTEXT OF CURRENT SCIENCE AND POLICY DISCUSSIONS, PLAYING A CRITICAL ROLE IN HELPING DETERMINE EMISSIONS STANDARDS AND OTHER HEALTH PROTECTIVE DECISIONS.

Program 2

Expenses: $4,424,876

HEI'S ENERGY PROGRAM FUNDS AND SUPPORTS POLICY-RELEVANT RESEARCH ABOUT THE POTENTIAL IMPACTS FROM THE ONSHORE DEVELOPMENT OF OIL AND GAS FROM SHALE AND OTHER UNCONVENTIONAL RESOURCES IN THE UNITED...

HEI'S ENERGY PROGRAM FUNDS AND SUPPORTS POLICY-RELEVANT RESEARCH ABOUT THE POTENTIAL IMPACTS FROM THE ONSHORE DEVELOPMENT OF OIL AND GAS FROM SHALE AND OTHER UNCONVENTIONAL RESOURCES IN THE UNITED STATES. WE CONVENE INDEPENDENT EXPERTS TO SELECT, OVERSEE, AND REVIEW STUDIES AND BRING TOGETHER LEADERS FROM GOVERNMENT, INDUSTRY, ACADEMIA, AND NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS TO GUIDE OUR RESEARCH PRIORITIES. BY SYNTHESIZING AND COMMUNICATING SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE, WE HELP AUDIENCES IN THE UNITED STATES AND WORLDWIDE USE OUR SCIENCE IN THEIR DECISION-MAKING.

Program 3

Expenses: $876,848

HEI'S GLOBAL INITIATIVES PROGRAM ENGAGES IN PROJECTS AROUND THE WORLD, APPLYING SCIENCE TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE HEALTH IMPACTS OF AIR POLLUTION. WORKING CLOSELY WITH LOCAL AND REGIONAL PARTNERS...

HEI'S GLOBAL INITIATIVES PROGRAM ENGAGES IN PROJECTS AROUND THE WORLD, APPLYING SCIENCE TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE HEALTH IMPACTS OF AIR POLLUTION. WORKING CLOSELY WITH LOCAL AND REGIONAL PARTNERS, ESPECIALLY IN AREAS IN AFRICA AND ASIA, THE PROGRAM INFORMS POLICY ACTION GLOBALLY, FROM BROAD STRATEGIES TO LOCAL, TARGETED INITIATIVES, AND STRENGTHENING SCIENTIFIC CAPACITY TO COMPLEMENT ONGOING IN-COUNTRY ACTIVITIES. THE PROGRAM'S FLAGSHIP INITIATIVE, STATE OF GLOBAL AIR (SOGA), TRACKS ANNUAL AIR POLLUTION EXPOSURES FOR FINE PARTICLES, OZONE, NITROGEN DIOXIDE, AND HOUSEHOLD AIR POLLUTION IN ADDITION TO THE BURDEN OF DISEASE ATTRIBUTABLE TO AIR POLLUTION IN CITIES AND COUNTRIES AROUND THE WORLD.

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Trantor Score

Financial Health Score (300–850) · Liquidity · Solvency · Sustainability · Efficiency

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Liquidity (40%) • Solvency (30%) • Sustainability (20%) • Efficiency (10%)

Financial Overview (2024)

Revenue Breakdown

Contributions & Grants $13,130,326

Program Service Revenue $59,995

Investment Income $61,747

Other Revenue $0

TOTAL REVENUE $13,252,068

Expense Breakdown

Grants Paid $7,150,898

Salaries & Benefits $4,809,858

Fundraising Expenses $0

Program Expenses $13,810,091

Other Expenses $3,782,326

TOTAL EXPENSES $15,743,082

Year-over-Year Comparison

	2024	2023	Change
Revenue	$13,252,068	$12,968,951	+0.0%
Expenses	$15,743,082	$15,153,427	+0.0%
Net Income	$-2,491,014	$-2,184,476	+0.1%

Key Indicators

✓ Grants to Organizations ✗ Grants to Individuals ✓ Lobbying ✗ Political Activity ✓ Foreign Activities ✗ Donor Advised Fund ✓ Schedule B Required

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Financial Health Indicators

Comprehensive financial analysis: Altman Z-Score, liquidity, solvency, sustainability, efficiency, and growth metrics

Financial Distress Indicator

Liquidity & Cash Position

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Altman Z-Score • Liquidity Ratios • Solvency Analysis • Growth Indicators • Efficiency Metrics

Governance

Voting Members

Independent Members

Employees

Volunteers

N/A

Governance Policies

✓ Conflict of Interest Policy

✓ Whistleblower Policy

✓ Document Retention Policy

Special Practices & Reported Activities

✗ Operated a School

✗ Operated a Hospital

✗ Provided First Class Travel

✗ Reported Conflict of Interest

✗ Reported Asset Diversion

✗ Excess Benefit Transaction

✗ Made Political Expenditures

✓ Engaged in Lobbying

✗ Operated Donor Advised Fund

✗ Maintained Art Collections

✗ Filed Form 720

Compensation of Officers, Directors & Key Employees

Total Officers

$1,519,097

Total Directors

$108,750

Key Employees

Highest Compensated

reported

Name	Title	Hours/Week	Role	Reportable Comp	Other Comp	Total
ALAN LESHNER	BOARD MEMBER	2.00	Director	$10,000	$0	$10,000
ANA DIEZ ROUX	BOARD MEMBER	2.00	Director	$7,500	$0	$7,500
CATHERINE ROSS	BOARD MEMBER	2.00	Director	$7,500	$0	$7,500
HOMER BOUSHEY	BOARD MEMBER	2.00	Director	$7,500	$0	$7,500
JARED COHON	BOARD MEMBER	2.00	Director	$3,750	$0	$3,750
KAREN SETO	BOARD MEMBER	2.00	Director	$7,500	$0	$7,500
MARTHA CRAWFORD	BOARD MEMBER	2.00	Director	$7,500	$0	$7,500
MARTHA RUDOLPH	BOARD MEMBER	2.00	Director	$7,500	$0	$7,500
MELVILLE BOUFFORD	BOARD MEMBER	2.00	Director	$7,500	$0	$7,500
MICHAEL KLAG	BOARD MEMBER	2.00	Director	$7,500	$0	$7,500
RICHARD MESERVE	BOARD CHAIRMAN	2.00	Officer Director	$25,000	$0	$25,000
STEPHEN CORMAN	BOARD MEMBER	2.00	Director	$10,000	$0	$10,000
ELENA CRAFT	PRESIDENT	35.00	Officer	$359,195	$40,205	$399,400
THOMAS CHAMPOUX	DIRECTOR OF SCIENCE COMMUNICATION	35.00	Officer	$162,822	$22,910	$185,732
ELLEN MANTUS	DIRECTOR OF SCIENCE	35.00	Officer	$284,828	$28,252	$313,080
JACQUELINE RUTLEDGE	DIRECTOR OF F&A	35.00	Officer	$245,551	$32,100	$277,651
DONNA VORHEES	DIRECTOR OF HEI ENERGY	35.00	Officer	$287,905	$30,329	$318,234
DANIEL CROUSE	SENIOR SCIENTIST	35.00	Highest	$132,316	$50,102	$182,418
CLOELLE DANFORTH	SENIOR SCIENTIST	35.00	Highest	$127,917	$23,284	$151,201
PHILIP DEMARCO	CONTROLLER	35.00	Highest	$169,524	$23,435	$192,959
JASON DESMOND	DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF F&A	35.00	Highest	$167,214	$46,691	$213,905
PALLAVI PANT	HEAD OF GLOBAL INITIATIVES	35.00	Highest	$161,963	$26,610	$188,573
ROBERT O'KEEFE	FORMER VICE PRESIDENT	35.00		$381,974	$29,492	$411,466

Note: Compensation data is self-reported by the organization on their Form 990. "Reportable Comp" includes salary, bonuses, and other reportable compensation from the organization and related organizations. "Other Comp" includes benefits, deferred compensation, and non-taxable benefits.

Historical Data

Year	Revenue	Expenses	Assets	Net Income
2025	$13,252,068	$15,743,082	$10,167,337	$-2,491,014
2024	$12,968,951	$15,153,427	$14,012,589	$-2,184,476
2023	$14,983,818	$15,412,705	$16,750,262	$-428,887
2022	$15,080,985	$13,116,125	$15,781,007	$1,964,860
2021	$12,481,645	$10,772,915	$12,526,721	$1,708,730
2020	$9,559,245	$9,340,156	$9,826,459	$219,089
2019	$12,543,176	$10,143,123	$10,836,918	$2,400,053
2018	$10,742,762	$7,487,551	$7,636,184	$3,255,211