ASSOCIATION ON AMERICAN INDIAN AFF… - Form 990 Financial Data

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Financial Vulnerability Assessment (Tuckman-Chang)

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Financial Trends

Organization Details

Formation Year

1922

Legal Domicile

Principal Officer

FRANK ETTAWAGESHIK

Phone

2403147155

Tax Period

2025-01-01 to 2025-12-31

ASSOCIATION ON AMERICAN INDIAN AFFAIRS INC, founded in 1922, is a community nonprofit in the Human Services sector that reported $2.8M in total revenue in fiscal year 2025. Revenue surged 56% from the prior year, signaling strong growth momentum. The organization ran a surplus of $1.6M, a strong 57% operating margin.

Mission

FOUNDED IN 1922, THE ASSOCIATION ASSISTS AMERICAN INDIAN AND ALASKA NATIVE NATIONS IN THEIR EFFORTS TO ACHIEVE FULL ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CIVIC EQUALITY, AND TO DEFEND THEIR RIGHTS. THE ASSOCIATION IS GOVERNED BY A BOARD OF DIRECTORS CONSISTING OF PROMINENT NATIVE AMERICAN PEOPLE FROM SUCH FIELDS OF LAW, EDUCATION, HEALTH AND PUBLIC SERVICES, AND IS FUNDED BY ITS MEMBERS AND CONTRIBUTORS.

Program Service Accomplishments

Program 1

Expenses: $537,190

CULTURAL SOVEREIGNTY: CULTURAL SOVEREIGNTY MEANS SIMPLY RETURNING CONTROL OVER THE THINGS THAT MAKE US WHO WE ARE AS NATIVE PEOPLES. OVER THE COURSE OF HISTORY, COLONIAL POWERS HAVE FORCIBLY REMOVED US FROM OUR HOMELANDS, LOOTED OUR GRAVES AND SACRED PLACES, OUTLAWED OUR LANGUAGES AND RELIGIONS, AND KIDNAPPED OUR CHILDREN. THE ASSOCIATION'S CULTURAL SOVEREIGNTY PROGRAM WORKS TO DEVELOP INFRASTRUCTURE - SUCH AS FEDERAL, STATE AND NATIVE NATION LAWS AND POLICIES THAT WILL SUPPORT THE RETURN OF OUR STOLEN LANDS, ANCESTORS, RELIGIOUS PRACTICES, LANGUAGES, IDENTITY, AND BRINGING HOME OUR CHILDREN WHO DIED AT BOARDING SCHOOLS. IN ADDITION, THE ASSOCIATION DEVELOPS TRAINING, STRATEGIES AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT TO BUILD CAPACITY WITHIN NATIVE NATIONS, AND WORK TO CHANGE PERSPECTIVES OF THOSE WHO WISH TO HOLD ONTO OUR CULTURE WITHOUT FREE, PRIOR AND INFORMED CONSENT.

Program 2

Expenses: $312,375

NEXT GENERATIONS: THE ASSOCIATION HAS BEEN PROVIDING GRANTS AND OTHER ASSISTANCE TO STRENGTHEN AND BUILD OUR NEXT GENERATION OF ADVOCATES AND WISDOM KEEPERS. THE ASSOCIATION IS THE OLDEST SCHOLARSHIP PROVIDER TO NATIVE STUDENTS SINCE 1947; AND HAVE BEEN PROVIDING FUNDING FOR SUMMER YOUTH PROGRAMMING SINCE 1963. MAINTAINING AND HEALING OUR FAMILIES IS ALSO PARAMOUNT TO OUR NEXT GENERATIONS PROGRAM. THE ASSOCIATION BEGAN ITS ADVOCACY IN INDIAN CHILD WELFARE ISSUES IN THE 1960S AND ITS RESEARCH AND ADVOCACY DIRECTLY LED TO THE ENACTMENT OF THE INDIAN CHILD WELFARE ACT OF 1978 - WHICH IS CURRENTLY UNDER ATTACK BY DEEP POCKETS. THROUGH LITIGATION, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, RESEARCH AND EDUCATION, THE ASSOCIATION IS FIGHTING TO PROTECT THE INTEGRITY OF NATIVE FAMILIES. THE ASSOCIATION ALSO IS WORKING TO BUILD COMMUNITY AND CULTURALLY APPROPRIATE RESOURCES IN OUR YOUTH JUSTICE PROGRAMS TO KEEP YOUTH IN SCHOOL AND OUT OF DETENTION AND INCARCERATION.

Program 3

Expenses: $230,214

BECOME AN ALLY: THE ASSOCIATION ON AMERICAN INDIAN AFFAIRS HAS OVER 100 YEARS OF PROVIDING MEANINGFUL PUBLIC EDUCATION ON ISSUES THAT AFFECT NATIVE COUNTRY AND DOES SO THROUGH ITS BECOME AN ALLY...

BECOME AN ALLY: THE ASSOCIATION ON AMERICAN INDIAN AFFAIRS HAS OVER 100 YEARS OF PROVIDING MEANINGFUL PUBLIC EDUCATION ON ISSUES THAT AFFECT NATIVE COUNTRY AND DOES SO THROUGH ITS BECOME AN ALLY PROGRAM. THE ASSOCIATION BELIEVES THAT A SOCIETY THAT UNDERSTANDS NATIVE PEOPLES, THEIR SOVEREIGN NATIONS AND DIVERSE CULTURES WILL MAKE BETTER DECISIONS ABOUT THE ENVIRONMENT, THE ECONOMY, EDUCATION, HEALTHCARE, AND HOW WE CAN ALL EXIST TOGETHER ON ONE PLANET. THE BECOME AN ALLY PROGRAM IS ABOUT BUILDING RELATIONSHIPS THAT WILL SUPPORT ALLYSHIP, EDUCATION AND ACCOUNTABILITY FOR OUR WORLD AND EACH OTHER. THIS PROGRAM UTILIZES OUR VARIOUS SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS TO DELIVER PUBLIC EDUCATION, CREATE PRODUCTIVE DIALOGUE, AND ENCOURAGE ACTION FROM OUR SUPPORTERS ABOUT NATIVE NATION ISSUES. BECOME AN ALLY IS OUR PUBLIC AFFAIRS AND COMMUNICATION ARM THAT WORKS TO LIFT UP NATIVE COUNTRY BY SHARING INFORMATION ABOUT OUR PROGRAM SUCCESSES AND HOW YOU CAN HELP SUPPORT OUR VISION, MISSION AND GOALS. BECOME AN ALLY INCLUDES ALL OF OUR PROGRAMS AND INITIATIVES, AS WELL AS THE ASSOCIATION'S 100 YEARS OF HISTORY, OUR INDIAN AFFAIRS JOURNAL THAT HAS BEEN PUBLISHED SINCE THE 1930S, OUR INTERNSHIPS, FELLOWSHIPS, AND VOLUNTEER PROGRAMS, MURDERED AND MISSING INDIGENOUS RELATIVES, AND RED HOOP TALK VIDEO PODCAST, AMONG OTHER PUBLIC EDUCATION INITIATIVES.

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Trantor Score

Financial Health Score (300–850) · Liquidity · Solvency · Sustainability · Efficiency

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Liquidity (40%) • Solvency (30%) • Sustainability (20%) • Efficiency (10%)

Financial Overview (2025)

Revenue Breakdown

Contributions & Grants $2,593,661

Program Service Revenue $62,060

Investment Income $136,768

Other Revenue $0

TOTAL REVENUE $2,792,489

Expense Breakdown

Grants Paid $16,875

Salaries & Benefits $731,714

Fundraising Expenses $34,565

Program Expenses $1,079,779

Other Expenses $465,279

TOTAL EXPENSES $1,213,868

Year-over-Year Comparison

	2025	2024	Change
Revenue	$2,792,489	$1,794,679	+0.6%
Expenses	$1,213,868	$969,236	+0.3%
Net Income	$1,578,621	$825,443	+0.9%

Key Indicators

✗ Grants to Organizations ✗ Grants to Individuals ✗ Lobbying ✗ Political Activity ✗ Foreign Activities ✗ Donor Advised Fund ✓ Schedule B Required

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Financial Health Indicators

Comprehensive financial analysis: Altman Z-Score, liquidity, solvency, sustainability, efficiency, and growth metrics

Financial Distress Indicator

Liquidity & Cash Position

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Altman Z-Score • Liquidity Ratios • Solvency Analysis • Growth Indicators • Efficiency Metrics

Governance

Voting Members

Independent Members

Employees

Volunteers

Governance Policies

✗ Conflict of Interest Policy

✗ Whistleblower Policy

✗ Document Retention Policy

Special Practices & Reported Activities

✗ Operated a School

✗ Operated a Hospital

✗ Provided First Class Travel

✗ Reported Conflict of Interest

✗ Reported Asset Diversion

✗ Excess Benefit Transaction

✗ Made Political Expenditures

✗ Engaged in Lobbying

✗ Operated Donor Advised Fund

✗ Maintained Art Collections

✗ Filed Form 720

Compensation of Officers, Directors & Key Employees

Total Officers

$225,008

Total Directors

Key Employees

Highest Compensated

reported

Name	Title	Hours/Week	Role	Reportable Comp	Other Comp	Total
FRANK ETTAWAGESHIK	PRESIDENT	2.00	Officer Director	$0	$0	$0
JOSH RILEY	VICE PRESIDE	2.00	Officer Director	$0	$0	$0
JOSEPH DANIELS SR	DIRECTOR	2.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
LISA MARTIN	SECRETARY	2.00	Officer Director	$0	$0	$0
RORY WHEELER	NOMINATING C	2.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
SHANNON O'LOUGHLIN	CHIEF EXECUT	40.00	Officer	$204,167	$20,841	$225,008
BRADFORD KEELER	DIRECTOR	2.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
JOHN ECHOHAWK	DIRECTOR	2.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
MAKALIKA NAHOLOWA'A	TREASURER	2.00	Officer Director	$0	$0	$0
LYCIA ORTEGA	DIRECTOR	2.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
JAMIE GOMEZ	DIRECTOR	2.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
KIM METTLER	PROGRAM DIRE	40.00	Highest	$103,757	$9,986	$113,743

Note: Compensation data is self-reported by the organization on their Form 990. "Reportable Comp" includes salary, bonuses, and other reportable compensation from the organization and related organizations. "Other Comp" includes benefits, deferred compensation, and non-taxable benefits.

Historical Data

Year	Revenue	Expenses	Assets	Net Income
2025	$2,792,489	$1,213,868	$4,717,075	$1,578,621
2024	No data	No data	No data	No data
2023	$798,419	$619,305	$2,162,542	$179,114
2022	$1,046,001	$706,172	$1,922,647	$339,829
2021	$942,158	$575,880	$1,661,553	$366,278
2020	$729,475	$476,834	$1,236,616	$252,641
2019	$548,399	$572,478	$975,475	$-24,079
2018	$401,950	$520,409	$895,553	$-118,459

ASSOCIATION ON AMERICAN INDIAN AFFAIRS INC