Vermont Law School (EIN 237251952) - Form 990 Financial Analysis & Trantor Score

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Financial Vulnerability Assessment (Tuckman-Chang)

4 risk indicators measuring financial stability and operational resilience

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Financial Trends

Organization Details

Formation Year

1973

Legal Domicile

Principal Officer

Daniel Bromberg

Phone

8028311000

Tax Period

2024-07-01 to 2025-06-30

Vermont Law School, founded in 1973, is a mid-sized nonprofit in the Education sector that reported $54.4M in total revenue in fiscal year 2024. Revenue surged 30% from the prior year, signaling strong growth momentum. Expenses of $48.0M left a modest 12% surplus.

Mission

To educate students in a diverse community that fosters personal growth and that enables them to attain outstanding professional skills and high ethical values with which to serve as lawyers and environmental and other professionals in an increasingly technological and interdependent global society.

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Trantor Score

Financial Health Score (300–850) · Liquidity · Solvency · Sustainability · Efficiency

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Liquidity (40%) • Solvency (30%) • Sustainability (20%) • Efficiency (10%)

Financial Overview (2024)

Revenue Breakdown

Contributions & Grants $19,759,520

Program Service Revenue $34,093,710

Investment Income $531,762

Other Revenue $0

TOTAL REVENUE $54,384,992

Expense Breakdown

Grants Paid $15,682,000

Salaries & Benefits $21,709,449

Fundraising Expenses $1,130,723

Program Expenses $39,279,722

Other Expenses $10,608,221

TOTAL EXPENSES $47,999,670

Year-over-Year Comparison

	2024	2023	Change
Revenue	$54,384,992	$41,706,037	+0.3%
Expenses	$47,999,670	$45,736,735	+0.0%
Net Income	$6,385,322	$-4,030,698	-2.6%

Key Indicators

✓ Grants to Organizations ✓ Grants to Individuals ✗ Lobbying ✗ Political Activity ✓ Foreign Activities ✗ Donor Advised Fund ✓ Schedule B Required

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Financial Health Indicators

Comprehensive financial analysis: Altman Z-Score, liquidity, solvency, sustainability, efficiency, and growth metrics

Financial Distress Indicator

Liquidity & Cash Position

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Altman Z-Score • Liquidity Ratios • Solvency Analysis • Growth Indicators • Efficiency Metrics

Governance

Voting Members

Independent Members

Employees

522

Volunteers

Governance Policies

✓ Conflict of Interest Policy

✓ Whistleblower Policy

✓ Document Retention Policy

Special Practices & Reported Activities

✓ Operated a School

✗ Operated a Hospital

✗ Provided First Class Travel

✗ Reported Conflict of Interest

✗ Reported Asset Diversion

✗ Excess Benefit Transaction

✗ Made Political Expenditures

✗ Engaged in Lobbying

✗ Operated Donor Advised Fund

✓ Maintained Art Collections

✗ Filed Form 720

Compensation of Officers, Directors & Key Employees

Total Officers

$1,003,023

Total Directors

$369,654

Key Employees

$214,907

Highest Compensated

reported

Name	Title	Hours/Week	Role	Reportable Comp	Other Comp	Total
Glenn Berger	Chair	5.00	Officer Director	$0	$0	$0
Constance Neary	Vice-Chair	5.00	Officer Director	$0	$0	$0
Scott Cullen	Treasurer	5.00	Officer Director	$0	$0	$0
Jessica Olson	Secretary	5.00	Officer Director	$0	$0	$0
Stephen Ball Jr	Trustee	5.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
Jaclyn Brilling	Trustee	5.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
Kendra Brown	Trustee	5.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
Caryn Clayman	Trustee	5.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
Phoebe Cykosky	Student Trustee	5.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
Charles E DiLeva	Trustee	5.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
Holly Groschner	Trustee	5.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
Marion McCollom Hampton	Trustee	5.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
Richard Johnson	Alumni Trustee	5.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
J Patrick Kennedy	Alumni Trustee	5.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
Susan Lacoste	Trustee	5.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
Karen McAndrew	Trustee	5.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
Ian Montone	Trustee	5.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
Jacob Perkinson	Trustee	5.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
Nicole Renna	Student Trustee	5.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
William Reynolds	Trustee	5.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
Mark Sciarrotta	Trustee	5.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
Fernado Sotelino	Trustee	5.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
John Westerman	Trustee	5.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
Rodney Smolla	President	40.00	Officer Director	$301,246	$68,408	$369,654
Amy Davenport	Past Trustee	5.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
JB Kittredge	Past Trustee	5.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
Elizabeth Miller	Past Trustee	5.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
Jill Pfenning	Past Trustee	5.00	Director	$0	$0	$0
Nathaniel Hilber	Past Vice President Finance	40.00	Officer	$135,532	$24,355	$159,887
Mary-Beth McCormack	Dean of Law School	40.00	Officer	$205,582	$25,717	$231,299
Daniel Bromberg	Dean of Graduate School	40.00	Officer	$189,825	$46,324	$236,149
Rob Webber	Interim CFO	40.00	Officer	$6,034	$0	$6,034
Kimberly Harris	VP of People and Operations	40.00	Key Emp	$166,775	$48,132	$214,907
Lisa Lance	VP of Marketing and Communications	40.00	Highest	$177,377	$24,841	$202,218
Dave Celone	Vice President of OARD	40.00	Highest	$173,715	$19,935	$193,650
Jennifer Rushlow	Dean of School for the Environment	40.00	Highest	$151,831	$48,686	$200,517
Laurie Beyranevand	Dir of CAFS, Professor of Law	40.00	Highest	$157,310	$41,835	$199,145
Greg Johnson	Dir. of LWP/Professor of Law	40.00	Highest	$158,404	$21,063	$179,467

Note: Compensation data is self-reported by the organization on their Form 990. "Reportable Comp" includes salary, bonuses, and other reportable compensation from the organization and related organizations. "Other Comp" includes benefits, deferred compensation, and non-taxable benefits.

Historical Data

Year	Revenue	Expenses	Assets	Net Income
2025	$54,384,992	$47,999,670	$56,256,364	$6,385,322
2024	No data	No data	No data	No data
2023	$37,340,886	$42,261,071	$52,501,463	$-4,920,185
2022	$42,728,367	$38,003,754	$54,465,727	$4,724,613
2021	$38,901,463	$34,502,853	$51,359,031	$4,398,610
2020	$36,537,054	$34,343,469	$48,711,455	$2,193,585
2019	$35,074,956	$32,970,218	$44,659,406	$2,104,738
2018	$31,794,398	$35,247,693	$42,455,403	$-3,453,295

Vermont Law School