INSTITUTE FOR JUSTICE

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Financial Vulnerability Assessment (Tuckman-Chang)

4 risk indicators measuring financial stability and operational resilience

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Financial Trends

Organization Details

Formation Year

1991

Legal Domicile

Phone

7036829320

Tax Period

2024-07-01 to 2025-06-30

INSTITUTE FOR JUSTICE, founded in 1991, is a mid-sized nonprofit in the Civil Rights & Advocacy sector that reported $55.3M in total revenue in fiscal year 2024. Revenue grew 11% year-over-year, indicating healthy expansion. Expenses of $47.6M left a modest 14% surplus.

Mission

THROUGH STRATEGIC LITIGATION, TRAINING, COMMUNICATION, ACTIVISM AND RESEARCH, THE INSTITUTE FOR JUSTICE (IJ) ADVANCES A RULE OF LAW UNDER WHICH INDIVIDUALS CAN CONTROL THEIR DESTINIES AS FREE AND RESPONSIBLE MEMBERS OF SOCIETY. IJ LITIGATES TO SECURE ECONOMIC LIBERTY, EDUCATIONAL CHOICE, PRIVATE PROPERTY RIGHTS, FREEDOM OF SPEECH AND OTHER VITAL INDIVIDUAL LIBERTIES, AND TO RESTORE CONSTITUTIONAL LIMITS ON THE POWER OF GOVERNMENT. IN ADDITION, IJ TRAINS LAW STUDENTS, LAWYERS, AND POLICY ACTIVISTS IN THE TACTICS OF PUBLIC INTEREST LITIGATION. THROUGH THESE ACTIVITIES, IJ CHALLENGES THE IDEOLOGY OF THE WELFARE STATE AND ILLUSTRATES AND EXTENDS THE BENEFITS OF FREEDOM TO THOSE WHOSE FULL ENJOYMENT OF LIBERTY IS DENIED BY GOVERNMENT.

Program Service Accomplishments

Program 1

Expenses: $38,695,371 Revenue: $1,637,543

TO PROTECT THE CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS OF AMERICANS THROUGH LITIGATION, TO EDUCATE THE PUBLIC ABOUT ISSUES VITAL TO LIBERTY THROUGH MEDIA, ACTIVISM, AND OUTREACH, TO APPLY SOCIAL SCIENCE AND POLICY...

TO PROTECT THE CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS OF AMERICANS THROUGH LITIGATION, TO EDUCATE THE PUBLIC ABOUT ISSUES VITAL TO LIBERTY THROUGH MEDIA, ACTIVISM, AND OUTREACH, TO APPLY SOCIAL SCIENCE AND POLICY RESEARCH METHODS TO THOSE ISSUES THAT THE ORGANIZATION LITIGATES, AND TO TRAIN LAWYERS AND LAW STUDENTS.

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Trantor Score

Financial Health Score (300–850) · Liquidity · Solvency · Sustainability · Efficiency

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Liquidity (40%) • Solvency (30%) • Sustainability (20%) • Efficiency (10%)

Financial Overview (2024)

Revenue Breakdown

Contributions & Grants $45,972,744

Program Service Revenue $1,609,632

Investment Income $7,666,033

Other Revenue $27,911

TOTAL REVENUE $55,276,320

Expense Breakdown

Grants Paid $103,566

Salaries & Benefits $33,663,892

Fundraising Expenses $4,202,740

Program Expenses $38,695,371

Other Expenses $13,619,884

TOTAL EXPENSES $47,571,842

Year-over-Year Comparison

	2024	2023	Change
Revenue	$55,276,320	$49,926,462	+0.1%
Expenses	$47,571,842	$44,264,308	+0.1%
Net Income	$7,704,478	$5,662,154	+0.4%

Key Indicators

✓ Grants to Organizations ✗ Grants to Individuals ✓ Lobbying ✗ Political Activity ✗ Foreign Activities ✗ Donor Advised Fund ✓ Schedule B Required

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Financial Health Indicators

Comprehensive financial analysis: Altman Z-Score, liquidity, solvency, sustainability, efficiency, and growth metrics

Financial Distress Indicator

Liquidity & Cash Position

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Altman Z-Score • Liquidity Ratios • Solvency Analysis • Growth Indicators • Efficiency Metrics

Governance

Voting Members

Independent Members

Employees

239

Volunteers

Governance Policies

✗ Conflict of Interest Policy

✗ Whistleblower Policy

✗ Document Retention Policy

Special Practices & Reported Activities

✗ Operated a School

✗ Operated a Hospital

✗ Provided First Class Travel

✗ Reported Conflict of Interest

✗ Reported Asset Diversion

✗ Excess Benefit Transaction

✗ Made Political Expenditures

✓ Engaged in Lobbying

✗ Operated Donor Advised Fund

✗ Maintained Art Collections

✗ Filed Form 720

Compensation of Officers, Directors & Key Employees

Total Officers

$1,551,576

Total Directors

$926,205

Key Employees

$1,765,730

Highest Compensated

reported

Name	Title	Hours/Week	Role	Reportable Comp	Other Comp	Total
Scott Bullock	President and Chief Counsel	40.0	Officer Director	$797,018	$62,636	$859,654
Wiliam Mellor	Chariman and Founding General Counsel (until 10/11/2024)	40.0	Officer Director	$50,537	$16,014	$66,551
Andrew Prins	Director	1.0	Director	$0	$0	$0
Arthur Dantchik	Director	1.0	Director	$0	$0	$0
Jim Lintott	Chairman	1.0	Director	$0	$0	$0
Kenneth Levy	Director	1.0	Director	$0	$0	$0
Lawrence Greenberg	Director	1.0	Director	$0	$0	$0
Robert Gelfond	Director	1.0	Director	$0	$0	$0
Stephen Modzelewski	Director	1.0	Director	$0	$0	$0
Tara Smith	Director	1.0	Director	$0	$0	$0
Daniel Knepper	CFO and General Counsel/Secretary & Treasurer	40.0	Officer	$563,668	$61,703	$625,371
Beth Stevens	Vice President for Development	40.0	Key Emp	$377,712	$64,060	$441,772
Dana Berliner	Senior Vice President and Litigation Director	40.0	Key Emp	$673,010	$51,385	$724,395
Deborah Simpson	Chief Operating Officer	40.0	Key Emp	$532,467	$67,096	$599,563
John Kramer	Vice President for Strategic Relations	40.0	Highest	$476,608	$78,168	$554,776
Robert Frommer	Senior Attorney	40.0	Highest	$281,203	$52,373	$333,576
Robert Gall	Managing Vice President and Senior Attorney	40.0	Highest	$424,402	$70,260	$494,662
Robert Johnson	Senior Attorney	40.0	Highest	$283,620	$80,587	$364,207
Robert McNamara	Deputy Litigation Director	40.0	Highest	$370,551	$70,070	$440,621

Note: Compensation data is self-reported by the organization on their Form 990. "Reportable Comp" includes salary, bonuses, and other reportable compensation from the organization and related organizations. "Other Comp" includes benefits, deferred compensation, and non-taxable benefits.

Historical Data

Year	Revenue	Expenses	Assets	Net Income
2025	$55,276,320	$47,571,842	$178,026,163	$7,704,478
2024	$49,926,462	$44,264,308	$163,719,094	$5,662,154
2023	$38,753,383	$37,733,069	$144,590,449	$1,020,314
2022	$38,984,471	$33,233,789	$118,219,089	$5,750,682
2021	$37,879,934	$29,193,641	$122,859,049	$8,686,293
2020	$35,215,327	$26,333,259	$104,919,956	$8,882,068