LOWELL OBSERVATORY (EIN 860098918) - Form 990 Financial Analysis & Trantor Score

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Financial Vulnerability Assessment (Tuckman-Chang)

4 risk indicators measuring financial stability and operational resilience

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Financial Trends

Organization Details

Formation Year

1946

Legal Domicile

Principal Officer

AMANDA BOSH

Phone

9287743358

Tax Period

2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31

LOWELL OBSERVATORY, founded in 1946, is a mid-sized nonprofit in the Science & Technology sector that reported $11.9M in total revenue in fiscal year 2024. Revenue fell 41% from the prior year — a significant decline worth monitoring. Expenses of $19.5M exceeded revenue, resulting in a 63% operating deficit.

Mission

LOWELL'S MISSION IS TO PURSUE THE STUDY OF ASTRONOMY AND SHARE THE RESULTS WITH THE PUBLIC.

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Trantor Score

Financial Health Score (300–850) · Liquidity · Solvency · Sustainability · Efficiency

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Liquidity (40%) • Solvency (30%) • Sustainability (20%) • Efficiency (10%)

Financial Overview (2024)

Revenue Breakdown

Contributions & Grants $7,331,293

Program Service Revenue $3,967,818

Investment Income $86,613

Other Revenue $560,644

TOTAL REVENUE $11,946,368

Expense Breakdown

Grants Paid $175,151

Salaries & Benefits $11,647,319

Fundraising Expenses $1,757,523

Program Expenses $15,171,860

Other Expenses $7,660,436

TOTAL EXPENSES $19,482,906

Year-over-Year Comparison

	2024	2023	Change
Revenue	$11,946,368	$20,163,990	-0.4%
Expenses	$19,482,906	$18,645,161	+0.0%
Net Income	$-7,536,538	$1,518,829	-6.0%

Key Indicators

✓ Grants to Organizations ✗ Grants to Individuals ✗ Lobbying ✗ Political Activity ✗ Foreign Activities ✗ Donor Advised Fund ✓ Schedule B Required

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Financial Health Indicators

Comprehensive financial analysis: Altman Z-Score, liquidity, solvency, sustainability, efficiency, and growth metrics

Financial Distress Indicator

Liquidity & Cash Position

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Altman Z-Score • Liquidity Ratios • Solvency Analysis • Growth Indicators • Efficiency Metrics

Governance

Voting Members

Independent Members

N/A

Employees

183

Volunteers

Governance Policies

✓ Conflict of Interest Policy

✓ Whistleblower Policy

✓ Document Retention Policy

Special Practices & Reported Activities

✗ Operated a School

✗ Operated a Hospital

✗ Provided First Class Travel

✗ Reported Conflict of Interest

✗ Reported Asset Diversion

✗ Excess Benefit Transaction

✗ Made Political Expenditures

✗ Engaged in Lobbying

✗ Operated Donor Advised Fund

✓ Maintained Art Collections

✗ Filed Form 720

Compensation of Officers, Directors & Key Employees

Total Officers

$670,541

Total Directors

$18,684

Key Employees

$788,279

Highest Compensated

reported

Name	Title	Hours/Week	Role	Reportable Comp	Other Comp	Total
HALL JEFFREY	EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR	40.00	Officer	$201,538	$35,293	$236,831
BOSH AMANDA	EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR/COO	40.00	Officer	$182,918	$33,387	$216,305
CURRIE LESLIE	CHIEF PHILANTHROPY OFFICER	38.00	Key Emp	$188,531	$15,640	$204,171
HUNTER DEIDRE	ASTRONOMER	40.00	Highest	$179,553	$23,537	$203,090
MASSEY PHILIP	ASTRONOMER	40.00	Highest	$184,820	$16,977	$201,797
LEVINE STEPHEN	DIRECTOR OF EDUCATION	40.00	Key Emp	$180,027	$20,979	$201,006
LABRUZZO ANNE	CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER	36.00	Officer	$176,555	$22,166	$198,721
VAN BELLE GERARD T	DIRECTOR OF SCIENCE	40.00	Key Emp	$163,586	$32,469	$196,055
WEST MICHAEL	ASTRONOMER	40.00	Highest	$180,726	$11,941	$192,667
KUEHN KYLER	DIRECTOR OF TECHNOLOGY	40.00	Key Emp	$156,865	$30,182	$187,047
GRUNDY WILLIAM	ASTRONOMER	40.00	Highest	$153,632	$32,282	$185,914
PRATO LISA A	ASTRONOMER	40.00	Highest	$158,354	$20,819	$179,173
PUTNAM LOWELL	TRUSTEE	30.00	Officer Director	$6	$18,678	$18,684

Note: Compensation data is self-reported by the organization on their Form 990. "Reportable Comp" includes salary, bonuses, and other reportable compensation from the organization and related organizations. "Other Comp" includes benefits, deferred compensation, and non-taxable benefits.

Historical Data

Year	Revenue	Expenses	Assets	Net Income
2024	$11,946,368	$19,482,906	$102,618,903	$-7,536,538
2023	$20,163,990	$18,645,161	$85,437,670	$1,518,829
2022	$20,035,165	$19,188,129	$78,976,661	$847,036
2021	$22,823,113	$16,074,661	$78,377,713	$6,748,452
2020	$16,133,508	$13,478,815	$70,100,548	$2,654,693
2019	$29,221,520	$14,346,917	$65,145,325	$14,874,603
2018	$16,797,299	$12,829,418	$48,062,648	$3,967,881

LOWELL OBSERVATORY