Truth Theological Seminary

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Financial Vulnerability Assessment (Tuckman-Chang)

4 risk indicators measuring financial stability and operational resilience

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Financial Trends

Organization Details

Formation Year

1997

Legal Domicile

Principal Officer

Andrew Ho

Phone

6265740770

Tax Period

2024-07-01 to 2025-06-30

Truth Theological Seminary, founded in 1997, is a small nonprofit in the Education sector that reported $230K in total revenue in fiscal year 2024. Revenue grew 12% year-over-year, indicating healthy expansion. Expenses of $326K exceeded revenue, resulting in a 42% operating deficit.

Mission

Theological Education. Equip men and women of God to defend their faith and to serve effectively as spiritual leaders in the Christian community.

Program Service Accomplishments

Program 1

Expenses: $235,809

Theological Education. Equipped men and women of God to defend their faith and to serve effectively as spiritual leaders in the Christian community.

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Trantor Score

Financial Health Score (300–850) · Liquidity · Solvency · Sustainability · Efficiency

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Liquidity (40%) • Solvency (30%) • Sustainability (20%) • Efficiency (10%)

Financial Overview (2024)

Revenue Breakdown

Contributions & Grants $171,502

Program Service Revenue $41,737

Investment Income $10,566

Other Revenue $6,410

TOTAL REVENUE $230,215

Expense Breakdown

Grants Paid $0

Salaries & Benefits $181,322

Fundraising Expenses $10,791

Program Expenses $235,809

Other Expenses $144,465

TOTAL EXPENSES $325,787

Year-over-Year Comparison

	2024	2023	Change
Revenue	$230,215	$205,816	+0.1%
Expenses	$325,787	$323,529	+0.0%
Net Income	$-95,572	$-117,713	-0.2%

Key Indicators

✗ Grants to Organizations ✗ Grants to Individuals ✗ Lobbying ✗ Political Activity ✗ Foreign Activities ✗ Donor Advised Fund ✗ Schedule B Required

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Financial Health Indicators

Comprehensive financial analysis: Altman Z-Score, liquidity, solvency, sustainability, efficiency, and growth metrics

Financial Distress Indicator

Liquidity & Cash Position

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Altman Z-Score • Liquidity Ratios • Solvency Analysis • Growth Indicators • Efficiency Metrics

Governance

Voting Members

Independent Members

Employees

Volunteers

Governance Policies

✗ Conflict of Interest Policy

✗ Whistleblower Policy

✗ Document Retention Policy

Special Practices & Reported Activities

✓ Operated a School

✗ Operated a Hospital

✗ Provided First Class Travel

✗ Reported Conflict of Interest

✗ Reported Asset Diversion

✗ Excess Benefit Transaction

✗ Made Political Expenditures

✗ Engaged in Lobbying

✗ Operated Donor Advised Fund

✗ Maintained Art Collections

✗ Filed Form 720

Compensation of Officers, Directors & Key Employees

Total Officers

$110,577

Total Directors

Key Employees

Highest Compensated

reported

Name	Title	Hours/Week	Role	Reportable Comp	Other Comp	Total
Josephine Chang	Vice President	40.00	Officer	$65,975	$0	$65,975
Andrew Ho	President & CEO	40.00	Officer	$44,602	$0	$44,602
Alan Chan	Director	0.20	Director	$0	$0	$0
Peter T Chung	Director	0.50	Director	$0	$0	$0
Daniel C Hsu	Director/Chai	0.50	Officer Director	$0	$0	$0
Alfred Wong	Director	0.20	Director	$0	$0	$0
David Lum	Director/Treas	0.50	Officer Director	$0	$0	$0
Abraham Chiu	Director	0.20	Director	$0	$0	$0
Steven Ma	Director/Sec	0.50	Officer Director	$0	$0	$0
Christina Ching	Director	0.20	Director	$0	$0	$0
Hsiao-Fen Chen	Director	0.20	Director	$0	$0	$0

Note: Compensation data is self-reported by the organization on their Form 990. "Reportable Comp" includes salary, bonuses, and other reportable compensation from the organization and related organizations. "Other Comp" includes benefits, deferred compensation, and non-taxable benefits.

Historical Data

Year	Revenue	Expenses	Assets	Net Income
2025	$230,215	$325,787	$868,708	$-95,572
2024	No data	No data	No data	No data
2023	$445,466	$299,854	$1,093,498	$145,612
2022	$345,875	$290,470	$925,852	$55,405
2021	$373,259	$237,432	$874,224	$135,827
2020	$270,923	$303,143	$758,350	$-32,220
2019	$276,106	$327,533	$761,928	$-51,427
2018	$411,601	$298,761	$814,390	$112,840